Harris Presidency Will Be Bad News for Oil - 25 July, 2024 07:30 AM
US Democrats Launch Bill Holding Oil Firms Accountable for Any Work with OPEC - 25 July, 2024 07:30 AM
Manchin, Barrasso Unveil Bill to Ease Oil and Gas Permitting - 25 July, 2024 07:30 AM
Harris Hits Trump Over ‘Big Oil’ Ties - 25 July, 2024 07:30 AM
‘Oil Kills’ Protesters Disrupt Flights at Airports Across Europe in Wave of Action - 25 July, 2024 07:30 AM
It took a long time, but one geologist finally helped prove the deep reservoir potential of the Trenton-Black River formations in the Appalachian Basin.
Harsh reality of Canada: Competing head-to-head with the best opportunities available worldwide, Canadian exploration plays have attracted the attention of American E&P companies.
Tradition is fine, but one exploration company decided to reject status quo thinking and conventional wisdom. The result: Crazy Horse.
4-D seismic proves its value in the harsh but prolific West of Shetlands ground.
Anchorage gas diminishing: Natural gas, that is. Economics force a look at coalbed methane.
Exploration Activities: When it comes to finding oil and gas potential, the past year's exploration activities may have been very good, indeed.
Technology innovations in horizontal drilling and geosteering unlock the vast reserves of the Venezuela field Petrozuata.
This month's column is titled 'Seismic Guides Interpretation in the Ferron Coalbed Methane Play.'
Economics and risk: Borehole imaging using microresistivity images have become important, efficient, cost-effective tools
This month's column is titled 'Rejuvenation of a Mature Field Through Application of a Unique Frequency Enhancement Technology.'
Production from unconventional petroleum reservoirs includes petroleum from shale, coal, tight-sand and oil-sand. These reservoirs contain enormous quantities of oil and natural gas but pose a technology challenge to both geoscientists and engineers to produce economically on a commercial scale. These reservoirs store large volumes and are widely distributed at different stratigraphic levels and basin types, offering long-term potential for energy supply. Most of these reservoirs are low permeability and porosity that need enhancement with hydraulic fracture stimulation to maximize fluid drainage. Production from these reservoirs is increasing with continued advancement in geological characterization techniques and technology for well drilling, logging, and completion with drainage enhancement. Currently, Australia, Argentina, Canada, Egypt, USA, and Venezuela are producing natural gas from low permeability reservoirs: tight-sand, shale, and coal (CBM). Canada, Russia, USA, and Venezuela are producing heavy oil from oilsand. USA is leading the development of techniques for exploring, and technology for exploiting unconventional gas resources, which can help to develop potential gas-bearing shales of Thailand. The main focus is on source-reservoir-seal shale petroleum plays. In these tight rocks petroleum resides in the micro-pores as well as adsorbed on and in the organics. Shale has very low matrix permeability (nano-darcies) and has highly layered formations with differences in vertical and horizontal properties, vertically non-homogeneous and horizontally anisotropic with complicate natural fractures. Understanding the rocks is critical in selecting fluid drainage enhancement mechanisms; rock properties such as where shale is clay or silica rich, clay types and maturation , kerogen type and maturation, permeability, porosity, and saturation. Most of these plays require horizontal development with large numbers of wells that require an understanding of formation structure, setting and reservoir character and its lateral extension. The quality of shale-gas resources depend on thickness of net pay (>100 m), adequate porosity (>2%), high reservoir pressure (ideally overpressure), high thermal maturity (>1.5% Ro), high organic richness (>2% TOC), low in clay (<50%), high in brittle minerals (quartz, carbonates, feldspars), and favourable in-situ stress. During the past decade, unconventional shale and tight-sand gas plays have become an important supply of natural gas in the US, and now in shale oil as well. As a consequence, interest to assess and explore these plays is rapidly spreading worldwide. The high production potential of shale petroleum resources has contributed to a comparably favourable outlook for increased future petroleum supplies globally. Application of 2D and 3D seismic for defining reservoirs and micro seismic for monitoring fracturing, measuring rock properties downhole (borehole imaging) and in laboratory (mineralogy, porosity, permeability), horizontal drilling (downhole GPS), and hydraulic fracture stimulation (cross-linked gel, slick-water, nitrogen or nitrogen foam) is key in improving production from these huge resources with low productivity factors.
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